Whereas commercial PCR systems have improved heating and cooling rates to reduce amplification time, they are still relatively time-consuming (typically requiring an hour or more per amplification). To achieve such thermal cycling, conventional bench-top thermal cyclers generally use a metal heating block powered by Peltier elements. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 PCR requires thermal cycling, or repeated temperature changes between two or three discrete temperatures to amplify specific nucleic acid target sequences. Our simple, robust and low cost approach to ultrafast PCR using an efficient photonic-based heating procedure could be generally integrated into a variety of devices or procedures, including on-chip thermal lysis and heating for isothermal amplifications.Īfter its initial invention in 1983 by Kary Mullis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become an essential technique in the fields of clinical laboratories, agricultural science, environmental science, and forensic science. Using photonic PCR thermal cycles, we demonstrate here successful nucleic acid (λ-DNA) amplification. Using this method, ultrafast thermal cycling (30 cycles heating and cooling rate of 12.79☐.93 ☌ s −1 and 6.6☐.29 ☌ s −1, respectively) from 55 ☌ (temperature of annealing) to 95 ☌ (temperature of denaturation) is accomplished within 5 min. The plasmon-excited Au film is capable of rapidly heating the surrounding solution to over 150 ☌ within 3 min. We demonstrate an efficient photonic heat converter using a thin gold (Au) film due to its plasmon-assisted high optical absorption (approximately 65% at 450 nm, the peak wavelength of heat source light-emitting diodes (LEDs)). Here, we present an ultrafast photonic PCR method using plasmonic photothermal light-to-heat conversion via photon–electron–phonon coupling. Although several fast/ultrafast PCR methods have been proposed, the use of a simple and robust PCR thermal cycler remains challenging for POC testing. Ultrafast multiplex PCR, characterized by low power consumption, compact size and simple operation, is ideal for timely diagnosis at the point-of-care (POC). Nucleic acid amplification and quantification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most sensitive and powerful tools for clinical laboratories, precision medicine, personalized medicine, agricultural science, forensic science and environmental science.
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